Grammar-Quizzes › Noun Phrases › Nouns › Subject-Predicate Agreement
THIRD PERSON SINGULAR |
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Verb agreement for he, she, it is marked with a final -s in present tense. See irregular forms below. |
REGULAR |
Simon wakes up early. |
She wakes up early. |
It wakes up early. (A dog; gender unknown) |
IRREGULAR – HAVE, GO, DO, BE |
Simon has a business. HAVE |
Simon goes to work. GO |
Simon does a lot of work. DO |
Simon is a software designer. BE |
OTHERS |
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Verb agreement for — I, You, They, We — is not marked in the present nonprogressive tense. The base form of the verb is used. |
REGULAR |
I / We wake up early. |
You wake up early. |
They wake up early. |
IRREGULAR – HAVE, GO, DO, BE |
I / You / They have a business. |
I / You / They go to work. |
I / You / They do a lot of work. |
I am an architect. We / You / They are architects. |
The terms noun and verb are word categories (forms) or "parts of speech".
The terms subject and predicate are the uses (functions) of the words in a particular clause. Word Functions
FINAL CONSONANT SOUND | FINAL SILIBANT SOUND | FINAL VOWEL SOUND | FINAL C+ Y |
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CONSONANT ⇒ -S | -S, -Z, -SH, -CH, -X ⇒ -ES | A, E, I, U ⇒ -S | CONSONANT + Y: ⇒ -IES |
answers /ˈænsərz/ |
kisses /kɪs-ɪz/ |
skis /skiz/ |
flies /flaɪz/ |
begins /bɪˈgɪnz/ |
buzzes /bʌz-ɪz/ |
knows /noʊz/ |
tries /traɪz/ |
speaks /spiks/ |
cashes /kæʃ-ɪz/ |
sees /siz/ |
carries /ˈkæriz/ |
visits /ˈvɪzɪts/ |
catches /kætʃ-ɪz/ |
lies /laɪz/ |
applies /əˈplaɪz/ |
meets /mits/ |
fax /fæks-ɪz/ |
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CONSONANT + E ⇒ -S | O ⇒ -OES | VOWEL + Y ⇒ -S | |
likes /laɪks/ |
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goes /goʊz/ |
buys /baɪz/ |
loves /lʌvz/ |
|
does /dʌz/ |
pays /peɪz/ |
makes /meɪks/ |
|
torpedoes |
employs /ɛmˈplɔɪz/ |
judges /ˈdʒʌdʒ-ɪz/ |
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forgoes / foregoes |
says /sɛz/ |
forgo (V) — abstain, do without; forego (V) — go before, precede
sibilant – A sibilant is a type of fricative consonant that is made by directing air between the tip of the tongue and the back edge of the upper-two front teeth: s /s/, z /z/, sh /ʃ/ , zh /ʒ/ (liege)
BE | DO / GO / | HAVE |
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be ⇒ is (3rd sing.), am (1st sing.), are (others) Simon is tall, and I am too. They are not tall. |
do ⇒ does; go ⇒ goes Simon goes to work and does his job well. |
have ⇒ has He has an important job. |
SINGULAR PERSONAL NOUN |
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OR |
Sam dances on stage every weekend.
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Sam or Ted dances on stage. (I can't remember which.) |
MULTIPLE PERSONAL NOUNS |
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AND |
Sam, Mary, Ted and Sarah dance on stage. |
Sam, Mary, Ted and a Sarah are on stage. |
series (N) – one item occurs after the other, in line
stage (N) – the raised area in a theatre which actors or singers stand on when they perform
CLOSEST ITEM IS SINGULAR |
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There does not have a particular subject-predicate agreement. The agreement is with the closest noun. |
There is a man, a woman, and some children. (En-US) There are a man, a woman and some children. (En-Br) |
CLOSEST ITEM IS PLURAL |
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There agreement differs with dialectal usage. In Br-English, plural agreement is used if the closest noun is plural or if there are multiple items in a series. In US English, plural agreement is with the closest noun. |
There are some children, a man, and a woman on stage.(En-US) There are some children, a man, and a woman on stage. |
Also agreement with There – Existence
Simon [eat] a little breakfast at 6 a.m. every morning. Afterwards, he [pass] by a doughnut shop on the way to work. Walking [tax] his energy, so he [stop] for a doughnut.
He [talk] for a while with the woman who sells doughnuts. The young woman [blush] when he compliments her. Everyday, Simon [discover] new things to talk about with her. Perhaps, Simon [buys] a doughnut for more than one reason. Simon [put] a couple napkins in his bag and then [leave]. Often, he [imagine] asking her out. But then his courage [fail], and he [continue] walking to work.
Simon is a graphic artist, and he [sketch] designs on his computer. He often [touch] his computer screen and [get] it sticky. Sometimes, he [press] a key on the keyboard and it [stick] and repeats the letter. He often [push] too hard on the keys.
Simon is a bit messy, especially when he [mix] sugar into his coffee cup on his desk and [spill]. He [try] not to get sugar onto his keyboard. He frequently [destroy] equipment by getting food on or in it. Sometimes, he [carry] a bag of apples into his office, and he [munch] on them while working.
Fortunately, Simon [employ] a service to clean his office every week. Simon accidentally [bury] things under papers, magazines and books, which need organizing. The office is so messy that sometimes the cleaner [pry] open the door to get inside .
Simon [do] a few things to keep in shape. Simon [have] a membership to a gym. He also [play] tennis at a sports club.
Simon has modest desires. He [pray] for good health, an endless supply of doughnuts and a date with the pretty, young woman in the doughnut shop.
blush (V) — become red in the face, embarrassed
bury (V) — puts under other things; puts underground
compliment (V) — say something nice or flattering to someone; admire
discover (V) — to find something that you did not know about before
employ (V) — hire, arrange for a service
energy (N) — having the ability to do an activity, having power
fail (V) — not do what someone expects to do
graphic (Adj) — related to drawing, printing, and designing images
imagine (V) — think about with images in the mind
keyboard (N) — the part of the computer with letter, number and symbol keys
keep in shape (expression) — stay in strong physical condition
modest (Adj) — not very great, big, or expensive
munch (V) — eat noisily; He munched on an apple.
napkin (N) — small soft paper cloth for hands; serviette
organize (V) — put in order, make neat
pry (V) — force open with a tool, a lever
screen (N) — the monitor (face) of the computer.
sketch (N) — draw something quickly without a lot of detail; basic lines
sticky (Adj) — have a feeling like glue; He had sticky fingers after eating honey.
supply (N) — an amount of something available for use
tax (V) — to tire someone, make a person feel tired; or to charge someone for government services, demand tax
weekly (adv.) — happens once a week; every week,