The - Shared Knowledge: Knowing "which one"

FIRST MENTION – A	KNOWN BECAUSE OF LATER MENTION – THE
The first time a noun is mentioned, use a.	After mentioning a noun, you can refer to its parts with the.
Give me a puzzle piece.	Which one? The piece over there. identified by an adverbial phrase The piece inside the box. identified by a prepositional phrase The piece that you are holding. identified by a clause The piece that is upside down. identified by a clause The piece you see there. identified by a clause The piece with the black center.identified by a prepositional phrase

FIRST MENTION – A

KNOWN BECAUSE OF LATER MENTION – THE

The first time a noun is mentioned, use a.

After mentioning a noun, you can refer to its parts with the.

Give me a puzzle piece.

Which one?

The piece over there. identified by an adverbial phrase

The piece inside the box. identified by a prepositional phrase

The piece that you are holding. identified by a clause

The piece that is upside down. identified by a clause

The piece you see there. identified by a clause

The piece with the black center.identified by a prepositional phrase

Link	MEANS OF IDENTIFICATION	CONTEXT EXAMPLE
Page focus	The noun is identified by:	The is used as part of a larger context or understanding.
The-Earlier Mention	1) by earlier, second mention	This is a puzzle piece. The piece fits into a puzzle.
The-Earlier Mention	2) by another name (synonym)	This is a puzzle piece. The parts are rather small. (a piece = a part)
The-Included Parts	3) as an expected part of a larger item	This is a puzzle. The pieces are inside the box.
this page	4) by a phrase or clause after it	The part on top is here. / The part that I am holding is a corner.
The-Shared Knowl	5) by both knowing or seeing it	Hand me the piece. (We both know / see which one.)
The-Shared Knowl	6) by its uniqueness (It is the only one.)	Hand me the last piece.

UNIDENTIFIED	IDENTIFIED BY NAME
A state with a lot of natural resources has great wealth.	The state with a lot of natural resources, California, has great wealth.

#	YOUR RESPONSE	CHECK ANSWER
1.	river runs through the city.
2.	river, Sacramento, runs through the city.
3.	highway runs north and south along the coast.
4.	highway , US-101,runs north and south along the coast.

#	YOUR RESPONSE	CHECK ANSWER
5.	fruit to the left of the grapes is delicious.
6.	fruit with the dark purple color is also good for making wine.
7.	fruit that is orange has a lot of vitamin C.
8.	fruit in the front is good for making jam.

AN IDENTIFYING CLAUSE	A NONIDENTIFYING CLAUSE
TRUE FOR ONE – The clause "next to mars" identifies it as Mar's moon, and potato-shaped identifies it as Phobos.	TRUE FOR ANY– The clause "which is beautiful to see" is true of any moon on Uranus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, etc.
The moon next to Mars looks like an old potato. (No commas are used.)	A moon, which is beautiful to see, is cold and desolate. (Commas are necessary.)

#	YOUR RESPONSE	CHECK ANSWER
9.	planet that is large revolves more slowly.
10.	only planet that has not been visited by a spacecraft is Pluto.
11.	outer planet which has eight moons is being studied.
12.	planet that has "intelligent life" on it is facing environmental problems.
13	planet, named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty, is also known as the "morning star".
14.	planet with moons is affected by their gravitational pull.
15.	planet that has two moons is commonly called "The Red Planet".
16.	planet with craters is a beautiful subject for photography.
17.	planet that has rings is surrounded by dust particles.

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