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Adjective & Modifier Summary

 

 

Diagnostic

Adj/Mod Diagnostic

Adjectives & Modifiers Diagnostic Quiz: a tool to help you identify specific points that need review
dancer
  • Quiz 1: beginning – intermediate
  • Quiz 2: intermediate – advanced 

 

 

 

Adjectives

Adjective Order

Adjective Order: putting adjectives in a natural sounding word order (Beg.–In. ESL)

 

Big purple paisley cat

A pretty, little, purple-and-pink paisley pussycat

 

Adjective Suffixes

Adjective Suffixes: forming adjectives from other word forms (Int.–Adv. ESL, Native Speakers)

 

sunet 

It was a spectacle.
It was spectacular.
It was a spectacular sky.

It was an awesome sight.
It was an awful sight.

It was an historic night.
It was a historical event.

 

Resultive Modifiers

Resultive Modifiers: indicating resulting states (Beg.–Int. ESL)

[verbs with resultive states]

  car being fixed

 

Larry washed the car clean
Larry wiped the car dry
Larry pushed the door open.

She wants her car cleaned(service) 
She wants her car clean(state)
She found her car clean(unexpected state)

 

 

 

 

Nouns as Modifiers to Nouns

Nouns as Modifiers

Nouns as Modifiers: modifying a noun with a noun  (Beg.–Int. ESL)
 office chair

 

Its a chair for an office.
It's an office chair (singular)
It is a sports car (a rare plural modifier)

 

 

Numbers as Modifiers

Number-Noun Modifiers: changing numbers-nouns to modifiers (Beg.–Int. ESL)
ladder 

The ladder had five steps.
  It was a five-step ladder.

There are a million uses for WD-40(spelled out)

 

 

 

Participles as Modifiers to Nouns 

Participle Modifiers 1

 

 

(adjectives)

Participle Modifiers: Agent vs. Receiver (Int.–Adv. ESL, Native Speakers)

 

clown juggling 

The act was entertaining
We were entertained.

 

Participle Modifiers 2

 

(verbs)

 

Participle Modifiers: describing an on-going process or a completed state (Int.–Adv. ESL, Native Speakers)

 

  roasting checken

roasted chicken

a roasting chicken - still cooking! 
a  roasted chicken - done!

A recently spotted owl was making a nest. (seen)
A spotted owl nests in spring. (natural appearance)

A sleeping dog should not be awakened. (ongoing)
A sleeping bag is required for camping. (function)

 

Participles w/ Preps

 

(In Preposition Sumary)

 

Participle Modifiers Complemented by Prepositions: describing emotional reactions  (Int.–Adv. ESL)

 

confused

 

President Bush is confused about the issue.
The children were interested in hearing a story.

 

Participle-Prep Prac

 

Locate in Preposition Sumary

 

Participle Modifiers & Preposition Practice: pairing participle modifiers with prepositions   (Int.–Adv. ESL)

 

Paparazzi

 

Celebrities are concerned ____ the activiites of the Paparazzi.

 

 Particpl Modifier Quiz

Participle Modifier quiz: auto-correcting quiz
  • source:   -ing ending
  • receiver: -ed ending
  • ongoing process:      -ing ending
  • completed process:  -ed ending

 

 house

 

I was surprised to see how much the neighborhood had changed. (past participial adjective)
It was surprising to see how much the neighborhood had changed.  (present participial adjective)

We saw broken windows. (past participial adjective)
We heard breaking news. (present participial adjective)
 

 

Clauses as Modifiers to Nouns  (Adjective Clauses) 

See Modifying Clauses

 

 

Modifiers to Adjectives

Modifiers to Adjectives

Modifiers to Adjectives: indicating how much or to what degree (Beg.–Int. ESL)

Other modifiers to adjectives:  Adverbs of Manner   |  Adverbs of Degree   

 

 sportsmen

 

The basketball player is nine feet tall. (plural)

He can place a ball in a basket ball hoop ten feet high.

He sleeps in a bed that is nine and a half feet long.

He is extremely tall.

 

 

Adverbs for Degree

Degree adverbs indicating intensity — How much? (Int.-Adv. ESL, Native Speakers)
A big talker

He talks excessively. (verb) 
He talks extremely fast. (adv) 
He is rather talkative. (adj)

 

 

Increasing/Decreasing Modifiers to Nouns

Much / More

Much / More: increasing the amount of something
  camera 

People have much more knowledge about eating right.
Many more people are eating healthier diets.

People eat too much fat, sugar and salt.
People eat too many chips, cookies and candy bars.

He is much too old for her. 
She is far too young for him.
 

 

Fewer / Less

Fewer / Less:  decreasing the amount of something
  wrinkling 

*Do you want fewer lines and wrinkles on your face?
fewer lines
less wrinkling

*incorrect usage

 

 

The more, the more

The more, the more… : indicating that two things vary together

 

 couple looks at wreakage 

The more we saw, the less we could believe.

The bigger, the better.    

 

Comparative Modifiers to Nouns

Comparisons

Comparisons: describing similarities and differences (Int.–Adv. ESL, Native Speakers)

 

setting comparisons

The apple is similar to the orange.
The color of the apple is unlike the color of the orange. This While the orange is high in fiber, the apple is not.
On the one hand, oranges are high in vitamin C; on the other hand, they are very acetic to the stomach.
 

 

Same / As ... as

The Same…as / As…as:  stating equivalent aspects (Int.–Adv. ESL, Native Speakers)
 equal 

The apple is the same weight as the orange. 
The apple is as heavy as the orange. 
The apple is as light as the orange. 

 

 

 

More / -er

More / -er: comparing the quality of two items, comparing the manner of two actions (Beg.–Int. ESL, Native Speakers)

 

 apples 

This apple is better than that one.  (good - better)
This apple is more beautiful than that one. 
This apple is less beautiful than that one. 

He drives faster than she does.  / she.
*He drives faster than her.

 

Most / -est

Most / -est: indicating the unique quality of an item in a group, indicating a unique manner of an action (Beg.–Int. ESL, Native Speakers)

 

  apple comparison

The Granny Smith apple is the tastiest apple for baking.
The Red Delicious apple is the most flavorful apple.
The Jonathan apple is the least flavorful apple.

The cheetah runs the fastest of all mammals.
The sloth moves the least fast of all mammals.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Related Page

The–Group

Articles

The Group: group names derived from adjectives (Beg.–Int. ESL)

the blind

The blind need accessible walkways.
The English  were proud of their team.

Do you want a large or small coffee.  I'll have the large.

The latter will be much better.  In fact,  it's the best.